SMTP Szerver bekapcsolása Mac Os X-en

Sok esetben jól jöhet, hogyha be tudjuk kapcsolni a saját Mac Os X (nem Server verzió)-ban egy saját SMTP, levélküldésre használatos service-t. A következő leírásban szépen össze van foglalva, egyes Mac Os X verzióknál ez hogy történik. Többnyire csak néhány config filet kell editálni, amely engedélyezi az elindítását.

Activating Postfix on OS X 10.4 (Tiger)

I haven’t tested the below instructions – they were sent to me by
various people (thanks). They sounds sensible, please use with care.

You must be logged in as a user that is allowed to administer the
system (see System Preferences).
Download the file Postfix. It
should be automatically extracted to your desktop into a folder
named Postfix.
Start the Terminal (in
/Applications/Utilities/Terminal.App) and type in the following commands:
sudo postfix start
You should not get an error message. Now do the following steps to
make sure Postfix is started when you boot up your system. Note that
the first step may produce an error message (directory already exists.)
cd /System/Library sudo mkdir StartupItems cd StartupItems sudo mv ~/Desktop/Postfix . sudo chown -R 0:0 Postfix
sudo chmod +rx Postfix/Postfix
sudo pico /etc/hostconfig
Find the line MAILSERVER=... and change it
to MAILSERVER=-YES-. If there is no such line, then add
one at the end.
Set your mail client (Entourage, Mail, Eudora…) to use 127.0.0.1 (localhost) as SMTP (mail) server to send email.
Postfix more or less runs out of the box. You may want to configure a static name for your host. This can be done by editing the main.cf file:

sudo pico /etc/postfix/main.cf
Does everything work? Can you send e-mail?
(Thanks to Guillermo Álvarez Fernández for the hints.)

Activating Postfix on OS X 10.3 (Panther)

You will need to switch on Postfix so it will be loaded at startup, and you may want to configure a few file permissions as follows.

You must be logged in as a user that is allowed to administer the
system (see System Preferences).
Start the Terminal (in /Applications/Utilities/Terminal.App). Enter the following:
sudo pico /etc/postfix/master.cf
(Enter your password if it prompts for a password.) Find line 77, which starts with „smtp”. Remove the # sign at the beginning of this line, then enter Control-X, ‘y’ and Return to save the file and exit the editor.
sudo pico /etc/hostconfig
Find the line MAILSERVER=... and change it
to MAILSERVER=-YES-.
If you had
a previous install of postfix and upgraded to panther now, see below!
By now, the mail server will start up every
time you boot.
save the file (Control-X, ‘y’).
sudo /System/Library/StartupItems/Postfix/Postfix start
or, simply,
sudo postfix reload (if postfix is already running)
The previous step should lead to a message: "starting the mail services" or refreshing the Postfix mail system. Otherwise, you’ve probably made a mistake in
any of the previous steps.
If postfix complains about a missing „postfix” user or a missing „postdrop” group with an error message like parameter mail_owner: unknown user name value: postfix, then do the following:
- Start the Netinfo Manager (you’ll find it next to the Terminal in /Applications/Utilities)
- Create the following postfix and postdrop groups and also a postfix user:
  
  /groups/postdrop attributes:
  
  name postdrop
  
  gid 255
  
  passwd *
  
  /groups/postfix attributes:
  
  name postfix
  
  gid 256
  
  passwd *
  
  users postfix
  
  /users/postfix attributes:
  
  name postfix
  
  uid 255
  
  passwd *
  
  gid 256
  
  home /etc/postfix
  
  _shadow_passwd (no value)
  
  shell /dev/null
- You may also need to create an alias for postfix in the Netinfo domain, which means creating a folder inside the /aliases structure with the following attributes:
  name postfix
  
  members root

In case you get warnings about wrong permissions / ownerships for files and directories, you will want to do the following in Terminal:

	    sudo chown -R postfix /private/var/spool/postfix
	    sudo chown root /private/var/spool/postfix
	    sudo chown root /private/var/spool/postfix
	    sudo chown :postdrop /private/var/spool/postfix/public
	    sudo chown :postdrop /private/var/spool/postfix/maildrop
	    sudo chown :postdrop /usr/sbin/postqueue
	    sudo chown :postdrop /usr/sbin/postdrop
	    sudo postfix start

Set your mail client (Entourage, Mail, Eudora…) to use 127.0.0.1 (localhost) as SMTP (mail) server to send email.
Postfix more or less runs out of the box. You may want to configure a static name for your host. This can be done by editing the main.cf file:

sudo pico /etc/postfix/main.cf

Firewalled – if you can’t send e-mail from within an intranet!

In some cases, the organization that provides internet access (your company,
university or the like) will run a firewall that blocks e-mail traffic
coming from your own SMTP server like postfix. Instead, they usually want
you to use their own SMTP server. Doing so does make a lot of sense given all
the rogue viruses and trojans on Windows machines, which often come with
their own little SMTP server to send e-mail. So don’t blame your system administrators!

Instead, you can simply instruct postfix to use their SMTP server if necessary, that is, if a firewall blocks direct e-mail connections. Simply add the following line to main.cf:

fallback_relay = mailsmtpserver.mydomain.com

Obviously, you need to insert the address of your company-provided SMTP server here.

Some e-mail clients such as Apple Mail let you pick a server everytime you send an e-mail. The solution via postfix is much more comfortable: configure once, enjoy everytime.

Upgrading from 10.2 Jaguar to 10.3 Panther

What happens to a postfix installation, when Panther is installed? It is replaced with Apple’s postfix. The configuration files are renamed (to *.applesaved) and new
configuration files are put in place.

I recommend NOT to remove the new files and to put the old configuration data back, as the versions of postfix that are/were installed
do not seem to be compatible.
Follow the instructions to activate Postfix on Panther.
Make sure there is no double entry in
/etc/hostconfig, e.g. Both MAILSERVER=-AUTOMATIC- and POSTFIX=-YES-
(or AUTOMATIC). One is from an earlier postfix install, the other
comes from Panther. On Panther, however, the (deprecated) Postfix startup script will complain
that it cannot start Sendmail and Postfix.
do an sudo rm -r /Library/StartupItems/Postfix to remove the
startup item from your old install. Apple has its own item in Panther!

Installing Postfix on OS X 10.2 (Jaguar)

Jaguar comes with Sendmail installed. That’s an SMTP server that
could do the job. However, Sendmail is a pain, even to insiders. Configuration is quite a hassle, and, in my case, it didn’t handle the dialup / LAN switching well: Sometimes I use the built-in modem to get online, sometimes – at my workplace – it’s the Airport. A few times, sendmail even decided to sit on my queued email for days, until I happened to restart it manually. The bottomline: sendmail was giving me quite a bit of grief…

You’re much better off with an alternative, that is easier to configure: Postfix. In the following, I will give a step-by-step introduction how to install in. It’s dead-easy!

Open a Terminal window and check if a file named /etc/aliases.db exists. If not, do the following:

	    sudo touch /etc/aliases   # create empty aliases file if necessary
	    newaliases

Download the latest stable release from the Postfix Site. You need the Source Code of the Official Release. With a modern browser, everything should be extracted automatically. If not, you will have to start the Terminal (in /Applications/Utilities), change to where the file was downloaded with the „cd” command. Most likely, it works like this:
```
	    cd 
	    cd Desktop
	  
```
Then, extract the file using
```
tar -xvfz postfix*
```
(drop the ‘z’ if it’s not a .gz file.). Use
```
cd postfix*
```
to change to this directory.
Compile postfix. In the terminal, simply type
```
	    make
	  
```
This will take a while, but should not end with an error message.
Note the sub-folder auxiliary/MacOSX. That’s where all the goodies are. Change to this folder:
```
	    cd auxiliary/MacOSX
	  
```
The file README.OSX contains installation instructions. If you don’t feel like reading it (and you haven’t previously installed Postfix), just do the following:
```
	    sudo ./backup-sendmail-binaries
	    sudo ./niscript
	    (cd ../..; sudo make install)    
	  
```
The make install script will ask you a lot of questions. Just hit Enter all the time — this way, everything will be installed in its normal locations. In case the make install script asks you for setgid , tell it maildrop
You need to make to very small changes to the configuration. One specifies the preferred name of your machine, the other one is for security:
```
pico /etc/postfix/main.cf
```
Add two lines to this file. myhostname = … tells postfix what the name of your machine is. mynetworks_style = … is a security measure. Here’s what it should look like:
```
myhostname = mymachine.mydomain.com
	    mynetworks_style = host
```
(Replace mymachine.mydomain.com with a name and an existing top-level domain for your machine. The machine does not have to have a static and/or public IP address. Just pick a name, and pick a domain that ideally belongs to you. Make sure you replace the last statements in the file — sometimes the Apple system installers seem to add stuff at the end, which overwrites earlier statements.)
In some cases you might need to do the following now to create a directory. It doesn’t hurt if the folder is already in place:
```
mkdir /Library/StartupItems
```
Let’s go back to the mac-directory and fire up postfix.
```
sudo ./backup-postfix-binaries
	    sudo ./activate-postfix
```
This works well with postfix version postfix-2.0.10 and postfix-2.0.13.
In your email client, change the address of the SMTP server to
„127.0.0.1”. In MS Entourage, this is done in Tools / Accounts /
Edit. No authentication, no secure connection necessary. (Of course,
you are free to use another external SMTP server like before for
some of your mail accounts.)
Switch on your firewall, if it isn’t active. This is an important security measure.
Test the new mail server by sending a mail to yourself. If it does not work, you can find debug output in the system’s log file („tail /var/log/system.log”) and the mail log file („tail /var/log/mail.log”). You can see if postfix is running with a „sudo ps -aux | grep postfix” in your Terminal. You can also try to do the following:
```
	    bash-2.05a$ telnet localhost 25
	    Trying ::1...
	    telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused
	    Trying 127.0.0.1...
	    Connected to localhost.
	    Escape character is '^]'.
	    220 madonna.mle.ie ESMTP Postfix
	  
```
The output should be like shown above.

Receiving Mail on your Mac with Postfix

You can use Postfix to receive e-mail, not just send it.
This replaces part of the ‘POP3’ or ‘IMAP’ server that internet service providers usually keep for you to receive your e-mail from other servers. You will still need an IMAP server. The installation is a little unintuitive, since you have to edit the source. Here is a nice guide for it.
Vou will need to make sure that you have a valid name server (DNS) entry for the domain-part of the relevant e-mail address. So, if you would like to receive e-mail for ‘littlejoe@davids-world.com’, you will need to make sure that the DNS entry for ‘davids-world.com’ has a mail-exchange record that points to your fixed IP address.
The aforementioned bullet point implicates that you will only want to do this on a machine with a fixed IP address, which is usually turned on: a server. The normal user will not want to receive e-mail that way! Further instructions on how to administer a server are beyond the scope of this article.
In the /etc/postfix directory, edit the file main.cf and change line the line that says
```
inet_interfaces = localhost
```
to
```
inet_interfaces = all 
```

Stopping Postfix

If you ever need to stop postfix, you can do so with the
command
```
sudo postfix stop
```
You can start it
with
```
sudo postfix start
```
or restart it (after
changing the configuration file) with
```
sudo postfix
	    reload
```

Forrás: www.david-reitter.com